{"id":44621,"date":"2026-10-26T02:19:01","date_gmt":"2026-10-26T02:19:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/asie\/cas-iran\/"},"modified":"2026-10-26T02:19:01","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T02:19:01","slug":"cas-iran","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/asie\/cas-iran\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdr\u00e1n"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00cdr\u00e1n je velk\u00e1 zem\u011b na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b a v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii<\/a>, mezi Om\u00e1nsk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem, Persk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem a Kaspick\u00fdm mo\u0159em. Na z\u00e1pad\u011b hrani\u010d\u00ed s Ir\u00e1kem<\/a>, na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b s Tureckem<\/a>, \u00e1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nskou exkl\u00e1vou Nachi\u010devan, Arm\u00e9ni\u00ed<\/a> a \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nem<\/a>, na severov\u00fdchod\u011b s Turkmenist\u00e1nem<\/a> a na jihov\u00fdchod\u011b s Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nem<\/a> a P\u00e1kist\u00e1nem<\/a>. Hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem \u00cdr\u00e1nu je Teher\u00e1n<\/a>. Krajinu \u00cdr\u00e1nu tvo\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed horsk\u00e1 p\u00e1sma, kter\u00e1 obklopuj\u00ed \u00fadol\u00ed s pou\u0161t\u011bmi a soln\u00fdmi ba\u017einami. Na severu le\u017e\u00ed Kaspick\u00e9 mo\u0159e, na jihu Persk\u00fd a Om\u00e1nsk\u00fd z\u00e1liv. S\u00eddla se obvykle nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v horsk\u00fdch oblastech, pod\u00e9l pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed a v n\u011bkter\u00fdch o\u00e1z\u00e1ch. V n\u011bkolika m\u00e1lo oblastech vhodn\u00fdch pro zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed se plodin\u00e1m da\u0159\u00ed, pokud je dostatek vody. Citliv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed rovnov\u00e1ha \u00cdr\u00e1nu je v\u0161ak ohro\u017eena, proto\u017ee lesy a zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00e1 p\u016fda ub\u00fdvaj\u00ed a ustupuj\u00ed pou\u0161ti.
\n\u00cdr\u00e1n byl v minulosti zn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jako Persie, a to a\u017e do roku 1935. Isl\u00e1mskou republikou se \u00cdr\u00e1n stal v roce 1979 pot\u00e9, co byl vl\u00e1dnouc\u00ed \u0161\u00e1h donucen odej\u00edt do exilu. Konzervativn\u00ed duchovn\u00ed s\u00edly rychle odstranily ve\u0161ker\u00e9 zn\u00e1mky westernizace i jak\u00e9koli liber\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010di levicov\u00e9 vlivy. Mezi kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 sou\u010dasn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my zem\u011b pat\u0159\u00ed tempo p\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch moderniza\u010dn\u00edch vliv\u016f, slad\u011bn\u00ed kontroly re\u017eimu duchovenstvem s \u00fa\u010dast\u00ed lidu na vl\u00e1d\u011b a roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159en\u00e9 po\u017eadavky na reformy. Hlavn\u00edmi hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00fdmi v\u00fdzvami jsou inflace a nezam\u011bstnanost (zejm\u00e9na mezi mlad\u00fdmi).
\nPer\u0161tina je indoevropsk\u00fd jazyk a je n\u00e1rodn\u00edm i \u00fa\u0159edn\u00edm jazykem \u00cdr\u00e1nu. P\u0159ekvapiv\u011b, p\u0159esto\u017ee persk\u00e9 p\u00edsmo vypad\u00e1 jako arabsk\u00e9, oba jazyky spolu v\u016fbec nesouvisej\u00ed; persk\u00e1 gramatika se podob\u00e1 gramatice mnoha sou\u010dasn\u00fdch evropsk\u00fdch jazyk\u016f.
\nM\u011bnou \u00cdr\u00e1nu je rij\u00e1l, mezin\u00e1rodn\u011b ozna\u010dovan\u00fd jako IRR; ceny se v\u0161ak \u010dasto uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed v tom\u00e1nech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cdr\u00e1n je velk\u00e1 zem\u011b na Bl\u00edzk\u00e9m v\u00fdchod\u011b a v z\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii, mezi Om\u00e1nsk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem, Persk\u00fdm z\u00e1livem a Kaspick\u00fdm mo\u0159em. Na z\u00e1pad\u011b hrani\u010d\u00ed s Ir\u00e1kem, na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b s Tureckem, \u00e1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nskou exkl\u00e1vou Nachi\u010devan, Arm\u00e9ni\u00ed a \u00c1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nem, na severov\u00fdchod\u011b s Turkmenist\u00e1nem a na jihov\u00fdchod\u011b s Afgh\u00e1nist\u00e1nem a P\u00e1kist\u00e1nem. Hlavn\u00edm m\u011bstem \u00cdr\u00e1nu je Teher\u00e1n. Krajinu \u00cdr\u00e1nu tvo\u0159\u00ed dv\u011b hlavn\u00ed…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":3929,"parent":44540,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"custom-page-templates-countrypage.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":"","bs_cache_bypass_cache":0,"bs_cache_related_page":0},"class_list":["post-44621","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/Asalem_Iran.jpg",500,330,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"clocker","author_link":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/author\/clocker\/"},"comment_info":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44621"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44621\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44540"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3929"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}