{"id":44726,"date":"2026-10-26T02:21:32","date_gmt":"2026-10-26T02:21:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/evropa\/cas-turecko\/"},"modified":"2026-10-26T02:21:32","modified_gmt":"2026-10-26T02:21:32","slug":"cas-turecko","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/evropa\/cas-turecko\/","title":{"rendered":"Turecko"},"content":{"rendered":"

Turecko, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b Tureck\u00e1 republika, je rozvojov\u00e1 zem\u011b v jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii<\/a>, jej\u00ed\u017e mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st \u00fazem\u00ed (3 %, V\u00fdchodn\u00ed Thr\u00e1kie) le\u017e\u00ed v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b<\/a>. A\u017e do roku 1922 byla zem\u011b centrem Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zem\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed poloostrov Mal\u00e1 Asie, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed mezi \u010cern\u00fdm a St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159em. Turecko hrani\u010d\u00ed s osmi st\u00e1ty: na z\u00e1pad\u011b s \u0158eckem<\/a>, na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b s Bulharskem<\/a>, na v\u00fdchod\u011b s Gruzi\u00ed<\/a>, Arm\u00e9ni\u00ed<\/a>, \u00cdr\u00e1nem<\/a> a \u00e1zerb\u00e1jd\u017e\u00e1nskou exkl\u00e1vou Nachi\u010devan a na jihov\u00fdchod\u011b s Ir\u00e1kem<\/a> a S\u00fdri\u00ed<\/a>. Na jihu le\u017e\u00ed St\u0159edozemn\u00ed mo\u0159e, na z\u00e1pad\u011b Egejsk\u00e9 mo\u0159e a na severu \u010cern\u00e9 mo\u0159e. Marmarsk\u00e9 mo\u0159e, Bospor a Dardanely (kter\u00e9 spole\u010dn\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed tureck\u00e9 \u00fa\u017einy) vymezuj\u00ed hranici mezi Thr\u00e1ki\u00ed a Malou Asi\u00ed a z\u00e1rove\u0148 odd\u011bluj\u00ed Evropu<\/a> od Asie<\/a>. Poloha Turecka na k\u0159i\u017eovatce Evropy<\/a> a Asie<\/a> mu d\u00e1v\u00e1 zna\u010dn\u00fd geostrategick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Posledn\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed s\u010d\u00edt\u00e1n\u00ed lidu prob\u011bhlo v roce 2000 a zaznamenalo celkem 67 803 927 obyvatel; podle vl\u00e1dn\u00edch odhad\u016f m\u011bla zem\u011b v roce 2015 78 741 053 obyvatel, z nich\u017e t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 t\u0159i \u010dtvrtiny \u017eij\u00ed ve m\u011bstech.
\n\u00da\u0159edn\u00edm jazykem zem\u011b je ture\u010dtina, kterou jako mate\u0159sk\u00fd jazyk mluv\u00ed p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 85 % obyvatel. Asi 12 % obyvatel m\u00e1 jako mate\u0159sk\u00fd jazyk kurd\u0161tinu. Arab\u0161tina a zazaki jsou mate\u0159sk\u00fdmi jazyky v\u017edy v\u00edce ne\u017e 1 % obyvatel a n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch men\u0161\u00edch skupin hovo\u0159\u00ed jin\u00fdmi jazyky.
\nTurecko m\u00e1 rozmanitou kulturu, kter\u00e1 je kombinac\u00ed \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch, asijsk\u00fdch, osmansk\u00fdch (navazuj\u00edc\u00edch na \u0159ecko-\u0159\u00edmskou i isl\u00e1mskou kulturu) a z\u00e1padn\u00edch vliv\u016f a tradic; ty za\u010daly pronikat s westernizac\u00ed Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e a tento proces pokra\u010duje dodnes. Tento mix vznikl p\u016fvodn\u011b d\u00edky kontaktu Turk\u016f a jejich kultury s n\u00e1rody, na kter\u00e9 narazili p\u0159i sv\u00e9 migraci ze St\u0159edn\u00ed Asie<\/a> na z\u00e1pad.
\nOfici\u00e1ln\u00ed m\u011bna: tureck\u00e1 lira (TRY)<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Turecko, ofici\u00e1ln\u011b Tureck\u00e1 republika, je rozvojov\u00e1 zem\u011b v jihoz\u00e1padn\u00ed Asii, jej\u00ed\u017e mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st \u00fazem\u00ed (3 %, V\u00fdchodn\u00ed Thr\u00e1kie) le\u017e\u00ed v jihov\u00fdchodn\u00ed Evrop\u011b. A\u017e do roku 1922 byla zem\u011b centrem Osmansk\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u0161e. Hlavn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zem\u011b tvo\u0159\u00ed poloostrov Mal\u00e1 Asie, le\u017e\u00edc\u00ed mezi \u010cern\u00fdm a St\u0159edozemn\u00edm mo\u0159em. Turecko hrani\u010d\u00ed s osmi st\u00e1ty: na z\u00e1pad\u011b s \u0158eckem, na severoz\u00e1pad\u011b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4610,"parent":44539,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"custom-page-templates-countrypage.php","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_kad_post_transparent":"","_kad_post_title":"","_kad_post_layout":"","_kad_post_sidebar_id":"","_kad_post_content_style":"","_kad_post_vertical_padding":"","_kad_post_feature":"","_kad_post_feature_position":"","_kad_post_header":false,"_kad_post_footer":false,"_kad_post_classname":"","footnotes":"","bs_cache_bypass_cache":0,"bs_cache_related_page":0},"class_list":["post-44726","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"acf":[],"taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/08\/istanbul_TURKEY.jpg",500,330,false],"author_info":{"display_name":"clocker","author_link":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/author\/clocker\/"},"comment_info":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44726","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44726"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44726\/revisions"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/44539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4610"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.worldclock.com\/cs\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44726"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}